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Home Insights Statute of Limitations

Statute of Limitations

  • July 13, 2022
  • A criminal case is started by someone issuing and filing a court attendance notice (known as a CAN).
  • A statute of limitations is a law that sets the maximum amount of time between when a crime is committed and a charge laid.
  • If you are charged with a crime after the statute of limitation period, the court doesn’t have the power to hear the matter and should dismiss your charge.
  • In Australia, this is set out in the Crimes Act and means that someone can’t be charged with a summary Commonwealth offence more than a year after it happened.
    • A summary Commonwealth offence has a maximum penalty of 6 months in prison (for a person) or 150 penalty units (for a company).
    • There is no statute of limitations for other Commonwealth offences like murder or sexual assault.
  • In NSW, we have a statute of limitations of 6 months for summary offences (set out in the Criminal Procedure Act).
    • These include:
      • Negligent driving
      • Obscene exposure
      • Goods in custody
    • There is no statute of limitations for indictable offences, or:
      • Indictable offences heard summarily in the Local Court
      • Any offence involving someone’s death or a coronial inquest (in which case the time limit is 6 months from the end of the inquest or 2 years after the offence)
  • For traffic offences in NSW, if you are issued with a penalty notice fine (instead of a CAN) the statute of limitations is 12 months.
  • This is set out in the Fines Act. Some examples of penalty notice offences rae:
    • Drug possession
    • Speeding fines
    • Using a phone while driving
    • Negligent driving
    • Red light offences

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